The first is the design process of copper castings.

Design, in addition to working conditions and metal material properties to determine the piece geometry, size size, but also from the casting alloy and casting process characteristics of the perspective of the rationality of the design, that is, the obvious size effect and solidification, shrinkage, stress and other issues, in order to avoid or reduce the copper casting composition segregation, deformation, cracking and other defects.

Secondly, there should be a reasonable casting process.

That is, according to the copper casting structure, weight and size, casting alloy characteristics and production conditions, select the appropriate parting surface and modelling, core making methods, reasonable setting of casting tendons, cold iron, risers and pouring systems. To ensure that we get high quality castings.

The third is the quality of raw materials for casting.

Metal charge, refractory materials, fuels, fluxes, densifiers, and casting sand, sand binder, paint and other materials of substandard quality, the casting will produce porosity, pinholes, slag, sticky sand and other defects, affecting the appearance of copper castings and internal quality, and in serious cases, the casting will be scrapped.

The fourth is the process operation.

To develop a reasonable process operating procedures, improve the technical level of workers, so that the process regulations are correctly implemented.